Light Pollution.. The Silent Killer of Manuscripts and Historical Documents

Abstract

This article examines the impact of light pollution on the deterioration of manuscripts and historical documents, treating it as a silent threat comparable to chemical, natural, and biological pollutants that endanger documentary heritage. It outlines several harmful factors affecting manuscripts, including gases, vapors, humidity, insects, and fungi, before focusing on light as a source of chemical and physical reactions that may alter paper color, weaken fibers, reduce durability, obscure writing, and separate pages. The article highlights the risks of ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation, and heat generated by lighting, while describing visible forms of damage to paper, leather, and binding materials. It also presents preventive measures, including controlled storage conditions, reduced light exposure, radiation filters, humidity and temperature control, and safe lighting in repositories and exhibition spaces. The article underscores the need for a scientific approach to preserving manuscripts and historical documents against environmental and lighting-related damage.